Brycon hilarii produced in hapas: effects in allometric growth.

Biometric evaluations are essential to determine the growth characteristics related to the weight and length of fish. This study aimed to determine the growth patterns of juvenile piraputangas (Brycon hilarii) produced in hapas within an excavated pond. The piraputangas were anesthetized and micro-chipped and their biometric characteristics were measured. Subsequently, the fish were distributed in six hapas of eight m3 at the density of 20 fish/hapa, totaling 120 animals. During the experimental period six months, the fish were fed twice (5% of the biomass) a day. Every 30 days, all fish were sampled to measure the biometric characteristics of body weight (g); standard length; total length; head height; head length; body height and body width (cm). The calculations of the weight ratio with the biometric characteristics were determined using allometric equation and estimated by linear regression according to the equation log Y = log a + b log X. All tested relationships were significant by the Student t-test (p < 0.05). Allometric growth was positive for: weight x total length; standard weight x length; weight x head height; weight x head length and weight x body height. The relative condition factor of piraputangas observed in this study was 1.00. The study provided information on the allometric parameters of juvenile Brycon hilarii produced in hapas, and the relative condition factor indicated good growth conditions for piraputangas with positive allometric growth.

Induced reproduction of yellow-tailed lambari (Astyanax lacustris) with Ovopel® and buserelin acetate as alternatives to the protocol with carp pituitary extract.

The objective of this study was to evaluate reproductive traits in adults of Astyanax lacustris subjected to different spawning inducers. The study involved 240 females (12.54 g ± 2.33 and 7.66 cm ± 0.63 cm) and 240 males (5.83 g ± 0.39 g and 6.14 cm ± 0.64 cm), all at reproductive age. Three different inducers were evaluated: (i) 0.4 pellets of Ovopel®/kg of body weight; (ii) 0.5 ml of buserelin acetate/kg of body weight; and (iii) carp pituitary extract (CPE) (5.5 mg CPE/kg body weight for females and 2.5 mg CPE/kg body weight for males), as well as saline solution (without hormone). The degree-hours for spawning were greater (P<0.05) for the Ovopel® treatment (with 204.93) than in the treatment with CPE (183.2). Ovary weight and gonadosomatic index were higher (P<0.05) in CPE and Ovopel® treatments when compared to buserelin acetate. The number of oocytes per female, absolute and relative fecundity were greater (P<0.05) for Ovopel® and CPE treatments. Fertilization rate was higher (P<0.05) in treatment with buserelin acetate (82.3%) in relation to Ovopel® (72.33%) and CPE (62.40%) treatments, and the highest (P<0.05) hatching rates were achieved with buserelin acetate and Ovopel®. The number of larvae per female body weight was greater (P<0.05) when Ovopel® was used. In conclusion, Ovopel® proves to be a more effective reproductive inducer for induced reproduction of A. lacustris when compared to CPE and buserelin acetate.

Ecology of the parasitic endohelminth community of Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) (Characiformes) from Aquidauana and Miranda Rivers, Pantanal, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

In this study the structure and diversity of the endohelminth community, as well as its interactions with 73 specimens of Piaractus mesopotamicus are described. The fish were caught in Aquidauana and Miranda rivers, both located in the Pantantal region, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. A total of 608,788 specimens of helminthes were found, representing five species: Dadaytrema oxycephala, Chabaudinema americanum, Spectatus spectatus, Rondonia rondoni and Echinorhynchus jucundum. D. oxycephala was more prevalent (91.78%) followed by R. rondoni (73.97%). Simpson's index indicated dominance in the endohelminth infracommunities (C = 0.396) and D. oxycephala was considered central species. A total of 54 hosts had between 2 and 3 species of helminthes. The pairs of the species R. rondoni/D. oxycephala and S. spectatus/D. oxycephala showed significant positive correlation between abundances. There was a significant positive correlation between total length and abundance of S. spectatus (rs = -0.2467 and p = 0.0353). Abundance of R. rondoni between the periods of 1/2003 and 2/2003 (p = 0.0356) and 1/2003 and 4/2004 (p = 0.0009) was significantly different. There was significant prevalence of E. jucundum in the female hosts.

Ecology of the parasitic endohelminth community of Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (Linnaeus, 1776) (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Aquidauana River, Pantanal, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

This study investigated the structure and diversity of the endohelminth community and its interactions with Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, caught in the Aquidauana River, in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Ten helminth species were represented in 1,228 specimens of parasites found in the intestine and mesentery of 33 specimens of P. fasciatum. Cestodes were observed in the intestine, while nematodes Cucullanus sp. in the mesentery. Contracaecum sp. Type 1, Spatulifer rugosa and Choanoscolex abscisus showed the highest mean intensity and mean abundance and Nomimoscolex sudobin showed the highest prevalence. Simpson's index indicated dominance in the endohelminth infracommunities (C = 1.0792) and Choanoscolex abscisus was considered the central species. A clumped pattern of dispersion according to Green's index was related. 69.69% of hosts analyzed had between 2 and 5 species of endohelminths. Mean diversity was H = 0.5517 (SD = 0.4209). Two pairs of species showed significant positive association and four pairs presented significant positive correlation among abundance data. Significant negative correlations between total length and prevalence and abundance of Peltydocotyle rugosa and Nomimoscolex sudobim were found. However, no significant correlation was observed between condition factor and abundance, as well as total length and diversity. There was significant prevalence of Harriscolex kaparari in male hosts.

Ecology of the parasitic endohelminth community of Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887) (Characiformes) from Aquidauana and Miranda Rivers, Pantanal, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil / Ecologia da comunidade parasitária endo-helmíntica de Piaractus mesopotamicus (Characiformes) no rio Aquidauana, Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

In this study the structure and diversity of the endohelminth community, as well as its interactions with 73 specimens of Piaractus mesopotamicus are described. The fish were caught in Aquidauana and Miranda rivers, both located in the Pantantal region, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. A total of 608,788 specimens of helminthes were found, representing five species: Dadaytrema oxycephala, Chabaudinema americanum, Spectatus spectatus, Rondonia rondoni and Echinorhynchus jucundum. D. oxycephala was more prevalent (91.78 percent) followed by R. rondoni (73.97 percent). Simpson's index indicated dominance in the endohelminth infracommunities (C = 0.396) and D. oxycephala was considered central species. A total of 54 hosts had between 2 and 3 species of helminthes. The pairs of the species R. rondoni/D. oxycephala and S. spectatus/D. oxycephala showed significant positive correlation between abundances. There was a significant positive correlation between total length and abundance of S. spectatus (rs = -0.2467 and p = 0.0353). Abundance of R. rondoni between the periods of 1/2003 and 2/2003 (p = 0.0356) and 1/2003 and 4/2004 (p = 0.0009) was significantly different. There was significant prevalence of E. jucundum in the female hosts.

Neste trabalho, foram descritas a estrutura e a diversidade da comunidade endo-helmíntica de 73 exemplares de Piaractus mesopotamicus e suas interações com os hospedeiros, capturados nos rios Aquidauana e Miranda, MS. Foram encontrados 608.788 espécimes de helmintos, representados por cinco espécies: Dadaytrema oxycephala, Chabaudinema americanum, Spectatus spectatus, Rondonia rondoni e Echinorhynchus jucundum. O digenético D. oxycephala foi a espécie mais prevalente, com 91,78 por cento, seguido do nematoda R. rondoni com 73,97 por cento. O índice de Simpson indicou dominância entre as infracomunidades de endo-helmintos (C = 0,396), sendo D. oxycephala a espécie dominante. Dos hospedeiros amostrados, 54 continham entre duas e três espécies de endo-helmintos. Os pares R. rondoni/D. oxycephala e S. spectatus/D. oxycephala apresentaram correlações positivas significativas entre as abundâncias. Correlação positiva significativa foi observada entre comprimento total e abundância parasitária para S. spectatus (rs = - 0,2467 e p = 0,0353). A abundância de R. rondoni foi diferente estatisticamente entre o período 1/2003 e 2/2003 (p = 0,0356) e o período 1/2003 e 4/2004 (p = 0,0009). A prevalência de E. jucundum foi maior significativamente nas fêmeas.

Ecology of the parasitic endohelminth community of Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (Linnaeus, 1776) (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) from the Aquidauana River, Pantanal, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil / Ecologia da comunidade parasitária endohelmíntica de Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (Linnaeus, 1776) (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae), do Rio Aquidauana, Pantanal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

This study investigated the structure and diversity of the endohelminth community and its interactions with Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, caught in the Aquidauana River, in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Ten helminth species were represented in 1,228 specimens of parasites found in the intestine and mesentery of 33 specimens of P. fasciatum. Cestodes were observed in the intestine, while nematodes Cucullanus sp. in the mesentery. Contracaecum sp. Type 1, Spatulifer rugosa and Choanoscolex abscisus showed the highest mean intensity and mean abundance and Nomimoscolex sudobin showed the highest prevalence. Simpson's index indicated dominance in the endohelminth infracommunities (C = 1.0792) and Choanoscolex abscisus was considered the central species. A clumped pattern of dispersion according to Green's index was related. 69.69 percent of hosts analyzed had between 2 and 5 species of endohelminths. Mean diversity was H = 0.5517 (SD = 0.4209). Two pairs of species showed significant positive association and four pairs presented significant positive correlation among abundance data. Significant negative correlations between total length and prevalence and abundance of Peltydocotyle rugosa and Nomimoscolex sudobim were found. However, no significant correlation was observed between condition factor and abundance, as well as total length and diversity. There was significant prevalence of Harriscolex kaparari in male hosts.

Neste trabalho foram descritas a estrutura e diversidade da comunidade endohelmíntica e suas interações com Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum, capturados no rio Aquidauana, MS. Foram encontrados 1.228 espécimes de helmintos, representados por dez espécies, parasitando intestino e mesentério de 33 espécimes de P. fasciatum. Todos os cestodas parasitavam o intestino e, o nematoda Cucullanus sp. foi encontrado no mesentério. Contracaecum sp. Tipo 1, Spatulifer rugosa e Choanoscolex abscisus apresentaram os maiores valores de intensidade média e abundância média, respectivamente e, juntamente com Nomimoscolex sudobim foram as mais prevalentes. O índice de Simpson indicou dominância entre as infracomunidades de endohelmintos (C = 1,0792) e Choanoscolex abscisus foi considerada espécie central. Foi observado um padrão de distribuição agregado de acordo com o índice de Green. Dos hospedeiros amostrados 69,69 por cento continham entre duas a cinco espécies. A diversidade média encontrada foi de H = 0,5517 (DP = 0,4209). Dois pares de espécies apresentaram associações positivas significativas e quatro pares apresentaram correlações positivas significativas entre as abundâncias. Foram observadas correlações negativas significativas entre comprimento total e prevalência e abundância parasitária para Peltydocotyle rugosa e Nomimoscolex sudobim. Não houve correlação significativa entre fator de condição e abundância parasitária, comprimento total e diversidade. A prevalência de Harriscolex kaparari foi significativamente maior nos hospedeiros machos.

Traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula: endovascular treatment with onyx and coils.

SUMMARY: Carotid cavernous fistulas (CCF) are mostly post-traumatic and are due to a tear of the internal carotid artery (ICA) inside the cavernous sinus. The improvement of endovascular techniques with venous approach enables the preservation of internal carotid artery patency in most cases when detachable balloons fail in order to reconstruct and repair the tear in the ICA. The case described here has a giant aneurysmatic dilatation of the cavernous sinus and inferior petrosal sinus. We associate coils and Onyx to occlude the lesion preserving and repairing the large hole of the fistula.

Avaliação in vitro da eficiência de inóculos no tratamento anaeróbio de efluentes líquidos de suinocultura / Efficiency of seeding material in anaerobic treatment of swine liquid waste: an in vitro trial

Avaliou-se o efeito de inóculos (tratamentos) na degradação dos dejetos líquidos de suínos, em diferentes tempos de detenção hidráulica (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 horas). Foram utilizados um inóculo comercial, na dose recomendada pelo fabricante, três inóculos alternativos à base de esterco bovino, cama de frango e esgoto doméstico, todos aplicados na dose de 5ml/l, e um tratamento-controle, sem inóculo. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, empregando-se três repetições. Após cada tempo de detenção foram realizadas as seguintes análises: pH, demanda bioquímica de oxigênio (DBO), demanda química de oxigênio, sólidos totais, sólidos totais voláteis e sólidos sedimentáveis, temperaturas do ar e do líquido. Os inóculos comercial e alternativo à base de cama de frango promoveram maior redução de DBO que os demais, 68,5 por cento e 67,5 por cento, respectivamente.

Internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm after tonsillectomy treated by endovascular approach. A case report.

SUMMARY: Surgery on the head and neck region may be complicated by vascular trauma, caused by direct injury on the vascular wall. Lesions of the arteries are more dangerous than the venous one. The traumatic lesion may cause laceration of the artery wall, spasm, dissection, arteriovenous fistula, occlusion or pseudoaneurysm. We present a case of a child with a giant ICA pseudoaneurysm after tonsillectomy, manifested by pulsing mass and respiratory distress, which was treated by endovascular approach, occluding the lesion and the proximal artery with Histoacryl. We reinforce that the endovascular approach is the better way to treat most of the traumatic vascular lesions.

[The process of nursing care in mental health]. / Reflexões sobre o processo de cuidar da enfermagem em saúde mental.

This is an essay about the nursing working process in mental health. Several conceptions have substantiated the psychiatric assistance, as well as the proposals of reorientation of those practices; nursing practices have been related to that process. The professionals' standpoint determines the choice of a tendency and the understanding of the health-illness process. The need of reviewing the nursing working object, as well as its practice in view of the transformations in mental health assistance, has pointed towards new professional attitudes regarding the person with psychic disorders, as well as towards the acquisition of knowledge besides that one obtained at college courses.

[Association of thymoma and severe intestinal strongyloidiasis]. / Associação timoma e estrongiloidíase intestinal grave.

A 59-years-old man with thymoma and severe intestinal strongyloidiasis is reported. The authors pointed out a possible influence of immunological response related with thymoma in the development of hyperinfection by Strongyloides stercoralis.

Associação timoma e estrongiloidíase intestinal grave / Association of thymoma and severe intestinal strongyloidiasis

A 59-years-old man with thymoma and severe intestinal strongyloidiasis is reported. The authors pointed out a possible influence of immunological response related with thymoma in the development of hyperinfection by Strongyloides stercoralis.

Os autores relatam o caso de um homem de 59 anos de idade com timoma e estrongiloidíase intestinal grave. São revistos aspectos da resposta imunitária relacionados ao tumor e, possivelmente, implicados no desenvolvimento da hiperinfecção pelo Strongyloides stercoralis.

Spontaneous Resolution of a Ruptured Dissecting PICA Aneurysm. Report of Two Cases.

SUMMARY: Spontaneous dissecting aneurysms (SDAs) seldom involve the intradural vertebral artery VA, the posterior cerebral, basilar or postero inferior cerebellar arteries (PICAs), where they produce subarachnoid haemorrhage and/or ischaemia. These lesions may develop spontaneously or occasionally after minor trauma and occur in young people in whom there is no underlying abnormality to explain the appearance of the dissection in most cases. Spontaneous dissecting aneurysm of the PICA is rare and its natural history is not well understood. Surgery or endovascular treatment for PICA dissection remain controversial because they suggest vessel occlusion. Only in a few cases is the bypass between the occipital artery and the PICA possible with trapping of the dissected segment. Reinforcement of the arterial wall does not seem efficient and the surgical approach per se with sole exclusion of the aneurysm may be disastrous. We describe two cases of SDA of PICA that presented with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), treated conservatively, with spontaneous cure of the lesions, angiographically confirmed at mid-time follow-up of five and four months. These favourable spontaneous thromboses, like 11 other similar case reported in the literature, did not show any rebleed. The possibility of a benign clinical course of this lesion exists; clinical and angiographic management of the patient before a decision for a aggressive treatment is proposed.

Development of an antivenom against toxins of Lonomia obliqua caterpillars.

Skin contact with caterpillars of Lonomia moths causes haemostatic disorders that may evolve into a haemorrhagic syndrome. Replacement therapy has been shown to exacerbate the clinical symptoms of this envenoming. In this study it is shown that horses immunized with a bristle extract of L. obliqua caterpillars produced IgG antibodies that completely neutralized, in vitro, the toxin(s) responsible for the blood incoagulability observed in rats. This antivenom offers the possibility of specific treatment for envenoming caused by contact with caterpillars of Lonomia moths.

[Sodoku--a case report]. / Sodoku--descrição de um caso.

Rat-bite fever results from an infection with the organism Spirillum minus. The authors report a symptomatic patient with fever, malaise, and ulcer in forehead after a rodent exposure. The organism was identified in darkfield examination of the ulcer exudate. Penicillin was the drug used with clinical improvement of symptoms.

Comparative efficiency of trypticase soy agar vancomycin and Levine's media for the isolation and identification of Neisseria on tongue and saliva.

Analise comparativa da eficiencia entre dois meios de cultura para o isolamento e quantificacao de especies do genero Neisseria, isoladas da lingua e da saliva.Utilizando-se do meio T.S.A. adicionado de vancomicina (TSAV) e do meio de Levine, sao propostos padroes de coleta e manipulacao das amostras colhidas da saliva e da lingua, para o isolamento e quantificacao de especies do genero Neisseria. O meio TSAV e o mais indicado, tendo N. sicca sido isolada em 10 dos estudados.De uma forma geral, a lingua apresentou maior populacao de Neisseria do que a saliva